液体燃料云雾爆轰参数实验

为深入了解液体燃料云雾爆轰机理,借助自行设计和建造的立式爆轰管,并采用升降法和烟迹技 术,对环氧丙烷等液体燃料云雾爆轰参数(爆速、爆压、临界起爆能和爆轰胞格尺寸)与当量比的关系进行了实 验研究。结果表明,环氧丙烷的爆速和爆压随当量比的增加先增大后平缓减小;碳氢液体燃料云雾爆轰的临 界起爆能与当量比呈U型关系,最佳值点偏向富燃料一侧;临界起爆能的大小与燃料的分子结构和挥发性 有密切关系,IPN和PO 临界起爆能相当,而烷烃类临界起爆能均较大。环氧丙烷在25和50 ℃时的爆轰胞 格宽度与当量比皆呈U型关系,最小值点偏向富燃料一侧;气相爆轰胞格宽度比云雾爆轰略小。常温下环 氧丙烷云雾爆轰主要由气相反应所控制。

An experimental study of detonation parameters of liquid fuel drops cloud

In order to understand the mechanism of liquid fuel cloud detonation,the up-and-down method and soot trace technique were used to study the relationship between the cloud detonation parameters(velocity,pressure,critical initiation energy and cell width) and equivalence ratio experimentally with a vertical shock tube.Results indicated that the detonation pressure and detonation velocity of propylene oxide(PO) increased and then decreased smoothly with the rising of equivalence ratio.The critical initiation energy that directly initiated the detonation of hydrocarbon liquid fuel cloud showed a U-shaped curve relation with the variation of equivalence ratios.The optimum concentration was found on the side where the equivalence ratio is over 1.The critical initiation energy was also found closely related to molecular structure and volatility of fuels.IPN and PO had similar critical values and those of alkanes were all larger.Detonation cell sizes of PO at both 25 ℃ and 50 ℃ showed a U-shaped curve.The minimal cell width also lied on the side of rich-fuel(φ>1).The detonation reaction of PO at normal temperature is controlled by gas-phase reaction.