Untreated and alkali treated fibers from Alfa stem: effect of alkali treatment on structural,morphological and thermal features |
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Authors: | Karama Elfehri Borchani Mohamed Jaziri |
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Institution: | 1.Université de Lyon,Saint-Etienne,France;2.CNRS, UMR5223,Ingénierie Des Matériaux Polymères,Saint-Etienne,France;3.Université de Saint-Etienne,Saint-Etienne,France;4.Laboratoire Eau-Energie-Environnement (LR3E), Ecole Nationale D’Ingénieurs de Sfax,Université de Sfax,Sfax,Tunisie |
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Abstract: | Alfa stems are rich in cellulose and they are an inexpensive, easily renewable source of natural fibers with the potential for polymer reinforcement. However, large amounts of non-cellulosic materials, surface impurities and low degradation temperature make natural fibers less attractive for reinforcement of polymeric materials, unless they can be modified in a proper way. In this paper, Alfa stems were treated with NaOH solution with two different concentrations (1 and 5 wt%). Raw and treated stems were crushed to obtain fibers. Stems and fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy, respectively. Their crystallinity index was determined by X-ray diffraction, thermal stability by thermogravimetry and structural change by FT-IR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Comparison and analysis of results confirmed some thermal, structural and morphological changes of the fibers after treatment due to removal of some non-crystalline constituents from the plant. SEM showed rougher surfaces after alkalization. FT-IR and 13C NMR showed a gradual improvement in cellulose level by alkali treatment with increasing NaOH concentration. The crystallinity index and thermal stability of treated Alfa fibers were also found to be improved. |
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