固体超强酸催化下的醛酮自身缩合及其溶剂效应的研究

研究了在三种固体超强酸催化下醛(酮)自身的羟醛缩合反应,系统考察了反应时间,催化剂用量等因素对反应的影响,优化了反应条件.同时,对该反应的溶剂效应进行了研究.结果表明,当催化剂用量为2 g/1 mol醛(酮),反应5 h,转化率可达40%,溶剂对该反应有明显的抑制作用.超强酸对各种醛都具有较好的催化活性,其催化醛类化合物自身缩合的转化率都在48%以上,选择性在95%以上,证明固体超强酸对该缩合反应有较好的催化活性和选择性.

Study on the Catalytic Aldol Condensation by Superacid and Its Solvent Effection

The Aldol condensation of carbonyl compounds using three superacids as catalysts was studied.Effect of reaction time and amount of catalyst on yield were investigated.The solvent effection was also observed.Results show that superacids are efficient catalysts for the reaction with high conversion and selectivity under mild conditions.The best reaction condition is given below: catalyst amount 2 g/1 mol aldehydes or ketones,reaction time 5 h.Under this condition,the conversion was over 40% and the selectivity was over 95%.