ICP-MS法测定人体器官中Cs,Th和U的分布

采用ICP-MS对10种人体器官组织样品中的痕量Cs, Th和U进行了研究, 选择了最佳仪器工作参数, 用Rh为内标元素补偿基体效应和灵敏度漂移, 检出限为Th 5.7×10-3, U 1.04×10-2, Cs 1.78×10-2 ng·mL-1. 随同样品分析了NIST SRM 8414牛肌肉和NIST SRM 1486骨粗粉标准参考物质, 测得值与标准参考值吻合. 用HNO3和HClO4混合酸消解样品, 不须分离富集, 直接对人尸体的肺、肝、骨胳、甲状腺、小肠、胃、肌肉、肾、脾和心脏中痕量Cs, Th和U进行测定. 结果表明 ICP-MS方法可以准确、精密地测定人体器官中的微量Cs, Th和U; 这3个元素在人体各个器官的分布各异, 例如Th和U主要分布在肺和肾, 而Cs则在全身相对均匀分布; 来自不同省市的肺部Cs, Th和U含量之间具有显著性差异, 且同一地区人肺样品中的Cs, Th和U浓度呈现同升共降的趋势, 说明Cs, Th和U在人体器官的积蓄和各地的环境、饮食相关.

Determination of Trace Cs,Th and U in Ten Kinds of Human Autopsy Tissues by ICP-MS

This paper studied the trace elements Cs, Th and U in ten kinds of human autopsy tissues by ICP-MS. The instrumental operating conditions were optimized for the measurement of Cs, Th and U. Rhodium (Rh) was used as an internal standard element to compensate matrix effect. Detection limits for Th, U and Cs were 5.7-17.8 pg x mL(-1). The recoveries for spiking liver samples were 96%-107%, and their RSDs were 4.8%-8.9%. Reference materials of NIST SRM 8414 Bovine and NIST SRM 1486 Bone Meal were analyzed by the described method, and the analytical results agreed well with the reference values. Human autopsy tissues samples were digested by mixed acid (HNO3 + HClO4). The determination of Cs, Th and U in lung, liver, bone, heart, stomach, spleen, muscle, kidney, thyroid gland and intestinum tenue was performed by ICP-MS without separation and enrichment procedures. The obtained results indicated that this method is rapid, sensitive and accurate; the distribution of the three elements is different from one to another human organ sample; the main organ targets for Th and U are lungs and kidneys; and a coordinated variation of Cs, Th and U concentration in lungs was found in the samples collected from Hebei and Sichuan provinces.