拉曼光谱及其检测时样品前处理的研究进展

拉曼光谱具有操作简单，所需样本量小，检测灵敏度高等特点，可进行现场快速筛查、检测及鉴别。样品前处理直接影响分析结果的准确度和精密度，而且操作繁琐费时。发展快速、高效的样品前处理技术进而结合拉曼光谱检测技术具有重要的研究意义，特别是与增强拉曼光谱相结合进行食品、农产品中等残留物的衡量检测已成为研究热点。本文阐述了拉曼光谱产生的原理，介绍了拉曼光谱的起源和发展，讨论了表面增强拉曼光谱技术、针尖增强拉曼光谱技术和壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强拉曼光谱技术，并对拉曼检测之前的样品预处理进行了讨论。

Research Progress in Raman Spectra and Its Test Sample Pretreatment

It is generally accepted that Raman spectroscopy is an advanced method with simple operation，small amount of specimens needed as well as rapid on-line screening，detection and identification. However，in the technology of determination，sample preparation is also an significant factor during analysis process. It would affect the accuracy and precision of the results, and normally involved complicated procedure. Developing a rapid and effective sample preparation method coupled with Raman detective technology is a method worth study. In the present paper，the simply basic principle，the origin and development of generating Raman spectra were introduced，some Raman technology，such as the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy，tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy，shell-isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy and the sample preparation were discussed.