Surface Diels–Alder Reactions as an Effective Method to Synthesize Functional Carbon Materials |
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Authors: | Dr Helena Kaper Dr Agnes Grandjean Dr Claudia Weidenthaler Prof?Dr Ferdi Schüth Dr Frédéric Goettmann |
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Institution: | 1. Laboratoire des Nanomatériaux Autoréparants, Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule, UMR 5257, Centre de Marcoule, 30207 Bagnols/Ceze (France), Fax: (+33)?466‐339‐203;2. Max‐Planck‐Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser‐Wilhelm‐Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany) |
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Abstract: | The post‐synthesis chemical modification of various porous carbon materials with unsaturated organic compounds is reported. By this method, amine, alcohol, carboxylate, and sulfonic acid functional groups can be easily incorporated into the materials. Different carbonaceous materials with surface areas ranging from 240 to 1500 m2 g?1 and pore sizes between 3.0 and 7.0 nm have been studied. The resulting materials were analyzed by elemental analysis, nitrogen sorption, FTIR spectroscopy, zeta‐potential measurements, thermogravimetric analysis, photoelectron spectroscopy, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering. These analyses indicated that the degree of functionalization is dependent on the nature of the dienophile (reactivity, steric hindrance) and the porosity of the carbon material. As possible applications, the functionalized carbonaceous materials were studied as catalysts in the Knoevenagel reaction and as adsorbents for Pb2+ from aqueous solution. |
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Keywords: | Diels– Alder reactions environmental chemistry heterogeneous catalysis hybrid materials surface chemistry |
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