Correlated and uncorrelated regions in heart-rate fluctuations during sleep |
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Authors: | Bunde A Havlin S Kantelhardt J W Penzel T Peter J H Voigt K |
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Institution: | Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Justus-Liebig-Universit?t, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. |
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Abstract: | Healthy sleep consists of several stages: deep sleep, light sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Here we show that these sleep stages can be characterized and distinguished by correlations of heart rates separated by n beats. Using the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) up to fourth order we find that long-range correlations reminiscent to the wake phase are present only in the REM phase. In the non-REM phases, the heart rates are uncorrelated above the typical breathing cycle time, pointing to a random regulation of the heartbeat during non-REM sleep. |
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