Comparison of mass spectrometric and optical measurements of temperature and electron density in the inductively coupled plasma during mass spectrometric sampling |
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| Institution: | 1. Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Nanomaterials Group, Friedrichstr 39, 79098 Freiburg, Germany;2. Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada L1H 7L7;3. Dipartimento di Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy;1. Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Noshio 2-522-1, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan;2. Shalom Co., Ltd, Shiboukusa Aza Tachizawa 3041-6, Oshino-mura, Minamitsuru-gun, Yamanashi 401-0511, Japan;1. Institut für Planetologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany;2. Nuclear & Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue L-231, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;3. School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, PO Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA;4. Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China;2. The Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials of Shanghai, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130, Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China;1. Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 49b, 50674 Köln, Germany;2. Steinmann-Institut, Poppelsdorfer Schloss, Meckenheimer Allee 169, 53115 Bonn, Germany;3. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom;4. Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Electron density (ne) and ionization temperature (Tion) are measured using atomic emission spectrometry (AES) from the small funnel of gas just outside the sampling orifice of an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Rotational temperature (Trot) is measured using an OH emission band. Tion is also determined for the same elements (Zn and Cd) by using M+ ion signal ratios by MS. For matrix-free solutions, typical values are ne=1.6×1015 cm−3, Trot=3340 K, Tion (MS)≈Tion (AES)≈7000 K. This agreement between the Tion values supports other observations that, for atomic analyte ions M+ of similar m/z values in matrix-free solutions, the relative signals in the mass spectrum reflect the corresponding relative abundances in the ICP region being drawn into the sampler. Using either MS or AES, Tion for Cd is 300–400 K higher than that for Zn, which indicates that Tion can vary for different elements in the ICP. Sodium nitrate matrix at levels up to 1000 ppm Na does not cause a measurable change in ne; 2000 ppm Na causes ne to increase to 2.1×1015 cm−3. Sodium matrix has a large effect on the MS signal levels but does not greatly change the resulting Tion values measured optically. |
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