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Composition and electrochemical properties of LiCu xMn 2- xO 4 and LiCu 0.5- yAl yMn 1.5O 4
Authors:J M Lloris  B León  C Pérez Vicente  J L Tirado  M Womes  J Olivier Fourcade and J C Jumas
Institution:(1) Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio C3, planta 1, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;(2) Laboratoire des Agrégats Moleculaires et Matériaux Inorganiques, UMR 5072 CNRS, Université Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
Abstract:In order to gain a better understanding of the parameters affecting the capacity and performance of spinel electrode materials, the chemical composition and cation distribution of three members of the LiCuxMn2–xO4 and LiCu0.5–yAlyMn1.5O4 series have been studied by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The synthesis used stoichiometric and lithium-excess precursors. The results evidence that lithium is always incorporated in lower contents than expected from the nominal stoichiometry, owing to the occurrence of significant amounts of copper in the tetrahedral sites of the structure. Manganese displays an oxidation state below 4+ in all these solids, while the lithium-excess synthesis leads to a slightly higher average oxidation state. The electrochemical results evidence the lack of improvement in capacity by using lithium-excess synthesis, while a significant increase in capacity is obtained by aluminium doping, reaching values of 100 mAh/g.
Keywords:Lithium batteries  Lithium–  manganese spinel oxide  Positive electrode  Copper substitution
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