制膜液黏度对单皮层PVDF中空纤维膜纺制的影响

以二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂,制备聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)浓度为15%的制膜液,考察了DMAc同时作为内凝胶浴时膜结构的变化.为保持纺膜过程中的稳定性,分别考察了添加剂LiCl、水以及表面活性剂对制膜液黏度的影响.实验发现添加LiCl可以大大提高制膜液的黏度,而水作为添加剂时对黏度的影响与制膜液本身的浓度有关.在不提高制膜液浓度的基础上,通过提高制膜液黏度克服了膜在纺制过程中的不稳定问题,得到阻力较小的,指状孔贯穿的单外皮层中空纤维膜.

INFLUENCE OF DOPE VISCOSITY ON THE FABRICATION OF PVDF HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANES WITH SINGLE SKIN LAYER

Hollow fiber membranes fabricated via dry/wet phase inversion method usually have two dense skin layers,which will increase its resistance of mass transport as a support membrane.It is necessary that the dense skin layer of support membrane has been eliminated to improve separation performance of composite membrane.The excellent chemical resistance of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to many acids and alkalis has made it as an attractive membrane material,and then it's often fabricated as porous hollow fiber membrane by phase inversion.In the process,the formation of the skin layer is due to the rapid exchange between solvent and coagulation,so many attempts have been made to slow it,so as to control the formation of the skin layer.In this paper,it has been found that the fabrication progress becomes unstable,and the membrane prepared has noncircular lumen,when the "weak" or "soft" coagulation is used.To increase the fabrication solution stability during membrane formation,dope viscosity was focused in this experiment.Dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) was used as solvent as well as internal coagulant,and the additives including LiCl,water and surfactant Span were chosen to investigate their effect on the viscosity of the fabrication solution.The dope viscosity will greatly increase after adding LiCl,while the variety of dope viscosity is unconcerned in the fabrication solution concentration as adding water.The homogenization and stability of the fabrication solution are improved by adding Span,and the viscosity increases at the same time.Without increasing PVDF concentration,the stability of the nascent membrane was improved by increasing the fabrication viscosity.The PVDF hollow fiber membrane with the structure of single outer skin layer and finger-like pore through the cross-section,has been successfully fabricated.The mean pore radius and water flux of the single skin hollow fiber membrane were greatly improved.