PREPARATION AND SURFACE PROPERTIES OF NEW SULFOSUCCINIC DERIVATIVES OF FATTY POLYGLYCEROL ESTERS

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this work was to prepare hydrophilic anionic derivatives of polyglycerol esters in order to obtain new surfactants, characterized by the cosmetologic compatibility of renewable raw materials and the mildness of the chosen target surfactants. The derivatization has been done by esterification between polyglycerol esters (PGE) and maleic anhydride (MA) followed by sulfonation at the double bond, by sodium sulfite, getting sulfosuccinic derivatives. Polyglycerol esters composed of fatty acids of C₁₂ to C₁₆ and polyglycerol with chain length of n=l?10 served as raw materials for a number of sulfosuccinates. The surface properties (cmc; surface excess concentration, γ; surface molecular area, A; effectiveness, π_cmc; efficiency, _pC₂₀ contact angle, θ; wetting time and foam performance) of the raw materials and their anionic derivatives have been measured. The relationships between the chemical structure and the surface properties of the new surfactants have been established. Higher π_cmc and better foaming performance but lower wetting power were obtained by increasing hydrophilic chain length, to n=6. Over this length an opposite trend was found. A linear relationship beween log cmc and hydrophobic chain length was determined. Optimization of surface properties was accomplished by optimizing maleation conditions.