Improvement of metal recovery by electrodialysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanajn, Iran;2. Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran;1. Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;2. Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;1. Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, PR China;2. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;1. Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;2. Centro de Estudos Moçambicanos e de Etnociências (CEMEC), Faculdade de Ciências Naturais e Matemática, Universidade Pedagógica Campus de Lhanguene, Av. de Moçambique, 21402161 Maputo, Mozambique;1. Nano-Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsipli-ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | In every electrolysis process, increasing the efficiency of metal extraction is one way of reducing the loss of metal and so the pollution. For this purpose, electromembrane processes, the most important of which is electrodialysis, can be used on effluents of the electrolysis bath or on solutions undergoing electrodeposition. Electrodialysis is used just after electrodeposition to extract the metal from the effluent. It restores the concentration of the solution to the level of the bath. However, the flow of ions through the membrane pair is accompanied by a certain quantity of water. A model in agreement with the experimental results gives the main parameters involved in the transmembrane transfer and the optimal conditions. In another way, electromembrane processes are used in the solution while electrolysis is running. They give a relative enrichment of one of the metals. The model shows that this relative enrichment is always associated with a decrease in the true concentration. However, the overpotentials are reduced and the quantity of metal deposit increases. This relative enrichment can be obtained either by complexationelectrodialysis, by transport-depletion or by electro-electrodialysis. In each case, the energy consumption is indicated. |
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