Mesoscale Clusters in the Crystallisation of Organic Molecules |
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Authors: | Harsh Barua Dr Michael Svärd Prof Åke C Rasmuson Prof Sarah P Hudson Dr Jennifer Cookman |
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Institution: | 1. Chemical Sciences Department, SSPC, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX Ireland;2. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden |
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Abstract: | The early stages of the molecular self-assembly pathway leading to crystal nucleation have a significant influence on the properties and purity of organic materials. This mini review collates the work on organic mesoscale clusters and discusses their importance in nucleation processes, with a particular focus on their critical properties and susceptibility to sample treatment parameters. This is accomplished by a review of detection methods, including dynamic light scattering, nanoparticle tracking analysis, small angle X-ray scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Considering the challenges associated with crystallisation of flexible and large-molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients, the dynamic nature of mesoscale clusters has the potential to expand the discovery of novel crystal forms. By collating literature on mesoscale clusters for organic molecules, a more comprehensive understanding of their role in nucleation will evolve and can guide further research efforts. |
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Keywords: | Mesoscale Cluster Nanoscale Characterisation Methods Nonclassical Nucleation Organic Compounds Pre-Nucleation |
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