青海生活饮用水中矿质元素含量检测以及主成分分析

为了深入了解青海生活饮用水中矿质元素存在的现状，并对饮用水资源高效开发利用与保护提供一定的科学基础，采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定了青海20个地区的生活饮用水中17种矿质元素K、Ca、Mg、Na、Fe、Mn、Zn、Al、Cu、Pb、Cd、Ge、As、Hg、Cr、Co和Se的含量，并对测定结果进行主成分分析。结果表明，17种元素的相对标准偏差为1.5%～3.9%,加标回收率是97.6%～101%。此外，20个地区的生活饮用水中富含及其丰富的微量元素，其中德令哈市饮用水的钙含量达到(32.75±0.29) mg/L,海东市乐都区的饮用水中Se含量达到(1.09±0.01) mg/L,有潜在生理毒性的元素如Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cr的含量较低。在此基础上，将水样17种元素进行主成分分析降维得到7个线性不相关主成分，7个主成分方差贡献率分别为19.69%、16.05%、11.02%、10.41%、8.28%、7.39%、6.52%,合计贡献率达79.36%,可综合初始数据的绝大部分信息。通过雷达图分析，每个主成分在20个地区间的差异显著。每个主成分综合的元素信息各不...

Detection of mineral elements in drinking water in Qinghai and principal component analysis

In order to deeply understand the status quo of mineral elements in drinking water from Qinghai Province and provide a scientific basis for the efficient development, utilization and protection of drinking water resources, this study used microwave digestion, Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS ) to analyze the contents of 17 mineral elements K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Al, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ge, As, Hg, Cr, Co and Se in drinking water in 20 areas of Xining City, Minhe Hui Autonomous County, Xunhua Salar Autonomous County, Hualong Hui Autonomous County, Ledu District of Haidong City, Huzhu Autonomous County, Datong Hui Autonomous County, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County, Huangyuan County, Guide County, Guinan County, Xinghai County, Tongde County, Gangcha County, Tianjun County, Wulan County, Dulan County, Maduo County, Golmud City and Delingha City in Qinghai Province. The results were analyzed by principal component analysis.The results showed that the relative standard deviations of 17 elements ranged from 1.52 % to 3.89 %, and the recoveries ranged from 97.63% to 100.85%. In addition, the drinking water in 20 regions is rich in trace elements. The calcium content of drinking water in Delingha City reaches 32.75 ± 0.29 mg·L-1, and the Se content of drinking water in Ledu District of Haidong City reaches 1.09 ± 0.01 mg·L-1. The content of potentially physiologically toxic elements such as Pb, Cd, As, Hg and Cr is low. On this basis, the principal component analysis of 17 elements in water samples was carried out to reduce the dimension, and 7 linear unrelated principal components were obtained. The variance contribution rates of 7 principal components were 19.69%, 16.05%, 11.02%, 10.41%, 8.28%, 7.39% and 6.52% respectively, and the total contribution rate was 79.36%, which could synthesize most of the information of the initial data. According to the radar map analysis, the differences of each principal component among the 20 regions were significant. Each principal component synthesizes different element information.