工业过程生态生命周期评价的生态累积耗模型

生态生命周期评价(Eco-LCA)作为常规生命周期评价的拓展,提供了一种对工业过程生态影响及可持续性分析评价的方法.但目前Eco-LCA中尚缺失生态累积耗(ECEC)指标的完整模型.本文探讨了工业过程中自然资源消耗、社会经济投入和环境污染危害三种主要影响因素.通过构建囊括资源、经济、环境三要素的工业过程生态累积耗模型,完善了Eco-LCA方法应用于工业过程可持续分析的理论框架.最后,以此生态累积耗模型对中国原油生产进行了示例性分析讨论.

An ecological cumulative exergy consumption model for ecologically based life cycle assessment of industrial processes

As an extension of traditional life cycle assessment, ecologically based life cycle assessment（Eco-LCA） provides an appealing approach to recognize the impacts and sustainability of the process industries from an ecological scale. However, a comprehensive model of ecological cumulative exergy consumption （ECEC） for Eco-LCA of industrial processes is still not available. In this paper, the quantification of ECEC is discussed. Three influencing factors of industrial processes including natural capital, social capital and environmental impact are addressed and studied here. An ECEC model integrating resources, economic and environmental elements is established. It aims to improve the Eco-LCA methodology as applied for sustainability analysis of the process industries. An illustrative example of Chinese crude oil production provides insight into the features of the proposed model.