农田土壤中重金属对抗生素抗性基因及细菌群落的影响

抗生素滥用及其诱导产生的抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)污染是环境领域研究的新兴热点，农田土壤成为ARGs的潜在储库，同时重金属的胁迫不仅对ARGs产生持续性选择压力，也显著影响土壤细菌群落结构和功能。本文重点综述了土壤中重金属对ARGs和细菌群落丰度、多样性的影响，进一步揭示重金属污染造成ARGs水平转移的风险，最后讨论了如今研究中的不足，并对抗生素与重金属的复合污染研究进行了展望，以期为重金属与ARGs防控政策的制定提供理论依据和科学支撑。

Research progress on the effects of heavy metals in farmland soil on antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial communities

Antibiotic abuse and its induced antibiotic resistance genes pollution are emerging hotspots in the field of environmental research. Farmland soil has become a potential reservoir of ARGs.At the same time, the stress of heavy metals not only exerts continuous selection pressure on ARGs, but also significantly affects the structure and function of soil bacterial communities. This paper focuses on the effects of heavy metals in soil on the abundance and diversity of ARGs and bacterial communities, and further reveals the risk of horizontal transfer of ARGs caused by heavy metal pollution. Finally, the shortcomings of current research are discussed, and the research on the combined pollution of antibiotics and heavy metals is prospected, in order to provide theoretical basis and scientific support for the formulation of prevention and control policies of heavy metals and ARGs.