Settling and spreading behaviour of particle clusters in quiescent liquids in confined vessels |
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| Institution: | 1. Chemical Engineering & Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India;2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India;3. University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK;1. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NCL Campus, Pune, India;2. Chemical Engineering & Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India;1. School of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China;2. School of Low-Carbon Energy and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China;3. National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China;4. School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia;1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Guizhou Province for Efficient Utilization of Phosphorus and Fluorine Resources, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China;2. Research Center for Fermentation Engineering of Hebei, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhang, 050000, China;3. Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60695, Poznan, Poland;1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China;2. School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China;1. School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China;2. Center for Particle-Laden Turbulence, Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China attached to the Ministry of Education of China, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China |
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| Abstract: | Here we report experiments on particle cluster settling at high Reynolds number in quiescent liquid contained in a vessel. The particles were observed to spread at the vessel bottom surface in a near-circular annular shape after settling irrespective of the shape of the vessel cross-section and particle shape, size, and types. Effect of different parameters such as mass, type and aspect ratio of the particles, height, and viscosity of liquid was investigated on spreading behaviour. Formation of the hemispherical bottom cap of the cluster that bounces upon hitting the vessel bottom surface was found to be responsible for the final circular annular shape of the settled structure. Particle leakage from the cluster was seen in the form of a tail. In the liquid having viscosity beyond 100 cP, cluster breakage was observed that resulted in hindered settling and asymmetric shapes of finally settled particles. The observations are useful to understand the overall area over which settling and spreading of such clusters can be observed. |
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| Keywords: | Particle cluster Temporal evolution Settling Spreading |
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