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Nano-scale pore distribution characterisation of coal using small angle X-ray scattering
Affiliation:1. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, Liaoning, 123000, China;2. School of Engineering, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, UK;1. International Joint Laboratory on Clean Energy Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Process Fluid Filtration and Separation, College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China;2. School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK;1. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, Liaoning 123000, China;2. Key Laboratory of Thermal Dynamic Disaster Prevention and Control of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Technical University, Huludao, Liaoning 125105, China;3. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhanjiang University of Science and Technology, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China;4. School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China;1. Fuels Research Center, Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand;2. Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand;3. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Armour College of Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, IL, 60616, United States;4. Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey;1. Department of Civil, Mining and Process Engineering, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China;3. Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575, Singapore
Abstract:In the process of coal seam fracturing with liquid nitrogen (LN2), the change of coal pore structure has an important influence on the efficiency of coalbed methane (CBM) extraction. The nano-scale pore size distribution (PSD) in coal particles before and after freezing with LN2 are experimentally studied in this work. Coal samples are collected from four coal mines, where coal and gas outburst accidents have occurred. Small angle X-ray scattering technology (SAXS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to study the pore structure changes of coal samples quantitatively and qualitatively. It is found that the scattering intensity of coal samples increases after freezing. The PSD of all samples significantly changes in the range of 0.8–7 nm, showing new pore spaces in 0.8–4 nm and fewer pores in the 4–7 nm range. Both the pore fractal dimension and the radius of gyration of coal samples increase after freezing and are mainly affected by the changes in pores and the anisotropy of the coal matrix. Crack expansion and pore connections are observed in the surface structure of the coal sample using SEM. This study provides a better understanding of the nano-scale mechanism of coal seam fracturing with LN2 for the prevention of coal and gas outbursts.
Keywords:Coalbed methane  Small angle X-ray scattering  Pore size distribution (PSD)  Particle characterisation  Fractal dimension
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