Penetration into a granular bed in the presence of upward gas flows |
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| Institution: | 1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio 80, 80125, Napoli, Italy;2. IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l''échangeur de Solaize BP 3, 69360, Solaize, France;3. Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio 80, 80125, Napoli, Italy;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey;1. Key Laboratory for Resilient Infrastructures of Coastal Cities (MOE), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China;2. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China;3. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Green, Efficient and Intelligent Construction of Underground Metro Station, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China;4. School of Transportation, Civil Engineering & Architecture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China |
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| Abstract: | We present a numerical study on the penetration of spherical projectiles into a granular bed in the presence of upward gas flows. Due to the presence of interstitial fluid, the force chains between particles in the granular bed are weakened significantly, and this distinguishes the penetration behavior from that in the absence of fluid. An interesting phenomenon, namely granular jet, is observed during the penetration, and the mechanism for its formation and growth is attributed to the merging of granular vortices generated by the interaction between the intruder and primary particles. Moreover, both the final penetration depth and the maximum diameter of the crater are found to follow a power-law dependence with the impact velocity, and the maximum height reached by the granular jet tends to increase linearly as the impact velocity increases, agreeing well with the experimental results reported in the literature. |
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| Keywords: | Penetration Granular bed Granular jet CFD-DEM |
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