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Layers and spikes in non-homogeneous bistable reaction-diffusion equations
Authors:Shangbing Ai  Xinfu Chen  Stuart P Hastings
Institution:Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alabama at Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899 ; Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260 ; Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
Abstract:We study $ \varepsilon^2\ddot{u}=f(u,x)=A\, u\, (1-u)\,(\phi-u)$, where $ A=A(u,x)>0$, $ \phi=\phi(x)\in(0,1)$, and $ \varepsilon>0$ is sufficiently small, on an interval $ 0,L]$ with boundary conditions $ \dot{u}=0$ at $ x=0,L$. All solutions with an $ \varepsilon$ independent number of oscillations are analyzed. Existence of complicated patterns of layers and spikes is proved, and their Morse index is determined. It is observed that the results extend to $ f=A(u,x) (u-\phi_-)\,(u-\phi)\,(u-\phi_+)$ with $ \phi_-(x)<\phi(x)<\phi_+(x)$ and also to an infinite interval.

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