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Anticancer therapeutic efficacy of biogenic Am-ZnO nanoparticles on 2D and 3D tumor models
Authors:SC Chabattula  PK Gupta  SK Tripathi  R Gahtori  P Padhi  S Mahapatra  BK Biswal  SK Singh  K Dua  J Ruokolainen  YK Mishra  NK Jha  DK Bishi  KK Kesari
Institution:1. Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Plot No. 32 – 34, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India;3. Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India;4. Department of Biotechnology, Sir J.C. Bose Technical Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263136, Uttarakhand, India;5. Department of Biotechnology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, 751022, Odisha, India;6. Department of Botany, Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, 751022, Odisha, India;7. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India;8. Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia;9. Smart Materials, NanoSYD, Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, DK-6400, Sønderborg, Denmark;10. Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, UP, India;11. Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, 00076, Finland;12. Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 00076, Finland;13. Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, 2007 Australia
Abstract:The present study fabricates biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with the aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata (Am) plant collected from semi-evergreen forests of Odisha, India. The synthesized Am-ZnO NPs were physicochemically characterized. The ultraviolet/visible spectrum showed the maximum optical absorbance of Am-ZnO NPs at 355 nm. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis presented the nearly spherical shape of Am-ZnO NPs with an average particle size of 80 nm. The net surface charge and hydrodynamic size of Am-ZnO NPs were measured to be ~?2.59 mV and ~417 nm, respectively. Am-ZnO NPs were found to be biocompatible and hemocompatible nature. Furthermore, Am-ZnO NPs displayed strong anticancer effects on both 2D and 3D tumor models. We observed a dose-dependent toxicity on both A549 and MOLT4 cells and observed a size reduction in the A549 tumor spheroids. Subsequently, we observed a depolarization in mitochondrial membrane potential of Am-ZnO NP–treated cancer cells leading to the apoptosis induction in cancer cells.
Keywords:ZnO  Nanoparticles  Anti-cancer  Apoptosis  Leaf's extract
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