Laws of nature that define biological action and perception |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;2. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyj, Russia;1. Agora for Biosystems, SE-193 22 Sigtuna, Sweden;2. Biometry and Systems Analysis Group, Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;1. The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant''Anna, Pisa, Italy;2. MARE Lab, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, Firenze, Italy;3. Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa Cura Policlinico, Milano, Italy;4. Translational Neural Engineering Lab, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland;1. Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences, and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Australia;2. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King''s College London, United Kingdom;3. Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada;4. Culture, Mind, and Brain Program, McGill University, Canada;5. Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, United Kingdom;6. Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia |
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Abstract: | We describe a physical approach to biological functions, with the emphasis on the motor and sensory functions. The approach assumes the existence of biology-specific laws of nature uniting salient physical variables and parameters. In contrast to movements in inanimate nature, actions are produced by changes in parameters of the corresponding laws of nature. For movements, parameters are associated with spatial referent coordinates (RCs) for the effectors. Stability of motor actions is ensured by the abundant mapping of RCs across hierarchical control levels. The sensory function is viewed as based on an interaction of efferent and afferent signals leading to an iso-perceptual manifold where percepts of salient sensory variables are stable. This approach offers novel interpretations for a variety of known neurophysiological and behavioral phenomena and makes a number of novel testable predictions. In particular, we discuss novel interpretations for the well-known phenomena of agonist-antagonist co-activation and vibration-induced illusions of both position and force. We also interpret results of several new experiments with unintentional force changes and with analysis of accuracy of perception of variables produced by elements of multi-element systems. Recently, this approach has been expanded to interpret motor disorders including spasticity and consequences of subcortical disorders (such as Parkinson's disease). We suggest that the approach can be developed for cognitive functions. |
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Keywords: | Abundance Uncontrolled manifold Iso-perceptual manifold Referent coordinate Co-activation Movement disorder |
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