Preconcentration procedures for the determination of chromium using atomic spectrometric techniques: A review |
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Authors: | Xiaowei Zhao Naizhong Song Weihong Zhou and Qiong Jia |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of M?laga, Campus Teatinos, 29071 M?laga, Spain; |
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Abstract: | Chromium is one of the regulated toxic metals in the environment. Naturally, this element exists mainly in two oxidation:
Cr(III) and Cr(VI). In general, Cr(VI) is more toxic than Cr(III). Cr(VI) affects human physiology, accumulates in the food
chain and causes severe health problems ranging from simple skin irritation to lung carcinoma. Hence, the determination of
chromium traces as well as its speciation in environmental samples is a very important task. In recent years, several preconcentration
methods such as coprecipitation, liquid-liquid extraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, cloud point extraction,
and solid phase extraction have been developed and widely used. The aim of this study is to review the recent literature (mainly
last 5 years) on the preconcentration technologies those have been used in chromium removal before the determination step
by atomic spectrometric techniques. Their advantages and limitations in application are also evaluated. |
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