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Glutamate production from CO2 by Marine CyanobacteriumSynechococcus sp.
Authors:Matsunaga  Tadashi  Takeyama  Haruko  Sudo  Hiroaki  Oyama  Nobuo  Ariura  Shunsuke  Takano  Hiroyuki  Hirano  Morio  Burgess  J Grant  Sode  Koji  Nakamura  Noriyuki
Institution:2.S.T.I. Japan, Minami-Otsuka, Toshima-Ku, Tokyo 170, Japan
;3.Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Onoda Cement Co., Ltd., Toyosu, Koto-Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan
;1.Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184, Japan
;
Abstract:A photobioreactor was constructed in the form of a Perspex column 900 mm tall with an internal diameter of 70 mm. The reactor volume was 1.8 L and the light source consisted of a metal-halide lamp to reproduce sunlight. Light was distributed through the culture using a new type of optical fiber that diffuses light out through its surface, perpendicular to the fiber axis. A cluster of 661 light-diffusing optical fibers (LDOFs) pass from the light source through the reactor column (60-cm culture depth) and are connected to a mirror at the top of the reactor. This biosolar reactor has been used for the production of glutamate from CO2 by the marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. NKBG040607. We present here details of the construction of the biosolar reactor and characterization of its properties. The effect of light intensity on glutamate production was measured. Carbon dioxide-to-glutamate conversion ratios were determined at different cell densities: the maximum conversion ratio (28%) was achieved at a cell density of 3x108 cells/mL. A comparison of glutamate production using the LDOF biosolar reactor described here with production by batch culture using free or immobilized cells showed that use of an optical-fiber biosolar reactor increased glutamate-production efficiency 6.75-fold. We conclude that as a result of its high surface-to-volume ratio (692/m) increased photoproduction of useful compounds may be achieved. Such a system is generally applicable to all aspects of photobiotechnology.
Keywords:Index Entries" target="_blank">Index Entries  Glutamate  marine cyanobacteria  Synechococcus  biosolar reactor  optical fiber
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