Molecular complexes in water oxidation: Pre-catalysts or real catalysts |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian 116024, China;2. Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10044, Sweden;1. Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden;2. Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials and Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;3. Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden;4. Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden;5. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, DUT–KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), Dalian 116024, PR China;1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials and College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2. Xichang Satellite Launch Center, Sichuan, China;1. Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran;2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, 34148-96818, Qazvin, Iran;3. Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Al. Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02-668, Warsaw, Poland;4. Department of Biomedical and Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100, Torun, Poland;5. K. A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia;6. Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran;7. Research Center for Basic Sciences & Modern Technologies (RBST), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran;1. Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119, PR China;2. Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Company Ltd., Xi’an, 710075, PR China;1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, No. 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China;2. Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China;3. Department of Chemistry, 112 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003, United States |
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| Abstract: | Artificial photosynthesis is considered a promising method to produce clean and renewable energy by sunlight. To accomplish this aim, development of efficient and robust catalysts for water oxidation and hydrogen production is extremely important. Owing to the advantages of easily modified structures and traceable catalytic processes, molecular water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) attract much attention during the past decade. However, the transformation of molecular WOCs to metal oxides/hydroxides or metal ions may occur under the harsh catalytic conditions, making the identification of true active species difficult. In this article, recent progress on molecular complexes acting as real catalysts or precursors toward water oxidation was briefly reviewed. We summarized the commonly used physical techniques and chemical methods that enable to distinguish homogeneous catalysts from heterogeneous catalysts. The factors that affect the nature of WOCs, such as reaction conditions, transition metal centers, and supporting ligands were discussed as well. |
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| Keywords: | Water oxidation Molecular catalysts Metal oxides |
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