某些酸性三苯甲烷染料与阳离子表面活性剂相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用

共振瑞利散射(RRS)法因其具有高灵敏度、简易性和较好的选择性等特点而引起了人们广泛的兴趣和关注.近年来的研究表明,RRS法也可用于研究阳离子表面活性剂(CS)与染料的相互作用以及测定痕量阳离子表面活性剂^[1,2].本文研究了溴酚蓝、溴甲酚绿和溴百里香酚蓝等酸性三苯甲烷染料与氯化十四烷基二甲基苄基铵、溴化十六烷基吡啶盐和溴化十六烷基三甲铵等阳离子表面活性剂的反应.结果发现,当两者结合形成离子缔合物后,虽仅引起吸收光谱的微小变化,却能导致RRS强度的显著增强,并产生了新的RRS光谱,且在一定范围内RRS强度与阳离子表面活性剂的浓度成正比.对不同的阳离子表面活性剂,检出限在3.1～9.8 ng mL之间且具有较好的选择性和较高的稳定性.

Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectra of Interaction of Trace Amounts of Cationic Surfactants with Some Acidic Triphenylmethane Dyes and Their Analytical Applications

In a thin HCl medium,RRS intensities of an alone CS or acidic triphenylmethane dye (TPMD) are very week. However,when TPMD reacts with a CS to form an ion-associate,the RRS intensity is enhanced greatly and a new RRS spectrum appears. The spectral characteristics of the RRS for the ion-associates and the optimum conditions for the reactions are investigated. The intensity of RRS is directly proportional to the mass concentration of CS in the range of 0—3.5 or 0—5.0 μg/mL. The method has a high sensitivity for the determination of CS,their detection limits are between 3.1 and 9.8 ng/mL depending on the different CS. In this case,most metal and non-metal ions do not interfere,so that the method has a good selectivity. Therefore,a sensitive,selective,simple and rapid method for the determination of CS by RRS is developed.