赣南地区传统村落空间分布及影响因素研究

以赣南地区51个中国传统村落为研究对象,借助ArcGIS空间分析平台,运用最邻近点指数、核密度分析、缓冲区分析等方法对赣南地区传统村落空间分布特征进行量化分析,并探究影响因素.结果表明:(i)赣南地区传统村落空间分布不均衡,整体呈“大分散、小聚集,边缘多、中间少”的空间分布格局,于都、瑞金、龙南是分布较为密集的县区;(ii)地形、水系等自然因素是赣南地区传统村落形成发展的基础,人口分布、交通状况、经济发展、城镇化等社会因素对传统村落的保存延续有重要影响;(iii)传统村落的演化扩散发生在不同历史事件的大背景下,风水文化对赣南客家传统村落的选址布局影响深远.

The Spatial Distribution of Traditional Villages and the Influencing Factors in Southern Jiangxi Region

Taking 51 traditional villages in Southern Jiangxi region as the study object,the spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages are quantitatively analyzed and its influencing factors are explored by using ArgGIS10.2 spatial analysis tool and some methods such as the nearest neighbor index,kernel density analysis and buffer analysis.The results show that the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Southern Jiangxi region presents an unbalanced distribution pattern,the distribution pattern tends toward large dispersion,small aggregation and the number of the traditional villages on the around is more than the middle,and these villages are mainly concentrated in Yudu county,Ruijin county and Longnan county.Natural factors such as topography and water system are the basis for the formation and development of traditional villages in Southern Jiangxi.Social factors such as population distribution,traffic conditions,economic development,and urbanization have an important impact on the preservation and maintenance of traditional villages.The evolution and diffusion of traditional villages occurr under the background of different historical events.Geomantic culture has a profound influence on the location and layout of traditional Hakka villages in Gannan.