爆炸高度及威力对空间核电磁脉冲信号特性影响的数值分析

运用差分方法,理论模拟了中空及高空核爆炸时,γ射线与周围空气分子相互作用散射的康普顿电子流在地磁场作用下激励电磁脉冲这一物理过程.讨论了中、高空核爆炸时爆心上方的电磁脉冲波形.引入地固坐标与局部球坐标系的相互转换,给出不同高度以及不同当量的核爆炸向外层空间(卫星轨道方向)传播的电磁脉冲源的特征.考虑电离层的色散及衰减特性,运用傅立叶分析方法,外推出通过电离层后的色散核电磁脉冲的信号强度,考虑宇宙背景噪声等因素,可以监测到当量为千吨级以上核爆电磁脉冲.

Effects of the HOB and the Burst Yield on the Properties of NEMP

Finite difference method is used to simulate the physical process numerically during which the electromagnetic signal is generated by the interaction of nuclear-explosion-induced currents with the geomagnetic field. The EMP waveforms above burst point are researched. The earth-based coordinates and the local spherical coordinates are introduced to illustrate propagating properties of the nuclear electromagnetic pulse along the orbit direction of satellites with various explosion height and yield. Taking into account the attenuation and dispersion of the ionospheric plasma, the FFT method is used to extrapolate the strength of the DEMP. With cosmic noise considered, the peak electric field strength with the yield over 1 kt could be detected at a distance of 10⁴km.