荧光素类荧光分子探针

荧光素衍生物是重要的荧光探针，在检测和生物成像等领域中显示出巨大的前景。因此，急需对功能性荧光素结构探针的设计策略进行深入研究。通常通过引入醛基或酯化到荧光素呫吨环和苯部分来构建探针，由于其高活性，这些衍生物可以与分析物复合以发生颜色和荧光强度的变化。本文总结了荧光素的修饰位点及方法，介绍了荧光素探针的合成、性质及应用，并对近五年荧光素探针对不同分析物(包括金属阳离子、阴离子、小分子和生物大分子)的检测进行分类说明，旨在为高灵敏度荧光素探针的筛选和生物检测提供参考，并推动其在分析物传感和检测中的进一步应用。

Fluorescein-based fluorescent molecular probes

Fluorescein derivatives are fluorophores with excellent optical properties used to construct fluorescent probes and have shown great promise in fields such as detection and bioimaging. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an in-depth study on the design strategy of functional fluorescein structural probes. They are usually constructed by introducing aldehyde groups or esterification to the xanthene ring and benzene part of fluorescein. Due to their high activity, these derivatives can be complexed with analytes to undergo changes in color and fluorescence intensity. This paper summarizes the modification sites and methods based on the fluorescein structure, introduces the synthesis, properties and applications of fluorescein probes, and illustrates the classification of fluorescein probes for the detection of different analytes in the past five years, including metal cations, anions, small molecules and biomolecules. It aims to provide a reference for the screening and bioassay of highly sensitive fluorescein probes and to promote their further application in analyte detection.