Nanomagnetism in nanocrystalline multiferroic bismuth ferrite lead titanate films |
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Authors: | Vladimir Tuboltsev Alexander Savin Wataru Sakamoto Atsushi Hieno Toshinobu Yogo Jyrki Räisänen |
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Institution: | (1) Division of Materials Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 43, Helsinki, 00014, Finland;(2) Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, Aalto, 00076, Finland;(3) Division of Nanomaterials Science, EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan |
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Abstract: | Multiferroics conventionally refer to the materials exhibiting co-existing electric, magnetic, and structure order parameters.
Interplay between ferroelectricity, magnetism, and ferroelasticity in a single phase makes multiferroics truly multifunctional
providing control over magnetic and electric ordering by applying electric and magnetic fields, respectively. Incorporation
of multiferroic-based components into nanoscale applications will enable additional degrees of freedom in manipulating with
spin and charge not easily attainable otherwise. Multiferroic bismuth ferrite lead titanate has been chemically synthesized
in form of nanocrystalline films. The morphology of the films revealed a single perovskite phase confined within crystalline
grains of few tens of nm in size. The films were found to exhibit ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism with characteristic
electric polarization and magnetization hysteresis loops, transformations associated with spin reorientation in an external
magnetic field and the spin-glassy behavior well above the room temperature. High degree of magnetic frustration and disorder
in the spin system spatially confined in the nanograins, distribution of the grains anisotropy axis, inter-grain interactions,
and the effects of uncompensated spins on the large effective surface/interface favored by the nanocrystalline morphology
were assumed to be responsible for the anomalous magnetic properties and glassy dynamics in the films. |
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