Ground state lost but degeneracy found: the effective thermodynamics of artificial spin ice |
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| Authors: | Nisoli Cristiano Wang Ruifang Li Jie McConville William F Lammert Paul E Schiffer Peter Crespi Vincent H |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. |
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| Abstract: | We analyze the rotational demagnetization of artificial spin ice, a recently realized array of nanoscale single-domain ferromagnetic islands. Demagnetization does not anneal this model system into its antiferromagnetic ground state: the moments have a static disordered configuration similar to the frozen state of the spin ice materials. We demonstrate that this athermal system has an effective extensive degeneracy and we introduce a formalism that can predict the populations of local states in this icelike system with no adjustable parameters. |
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