面向双碳目标的建筑能源系统再认识

建筑领域是实现双碳目标的关键部门,在双碳目标指引下建筑能源系统需要做出革新.为此,本研究对建筑能源系统的发展任务进行了深入探讨,提出了面向双碳目标的建筑能源系统发展方向:传统的建筑能源系统以满足建筑自身冷、热、电等基本能源需求为主;双碳目标下,建筑能源系统需要从建筑节能向建筑低碳的新目标转变,需要在降低建筑本体能源需求、全面电气化、提升建筑能源系统能效水平、实现灵活可调并成为具有柔性调节能力的能源系统可调负载等方面做出变革,需要从单纯能源系统的消费者转变为集能源生产、消费、调蓄于一体的复合体.以构建低碳建筑能源系统为目标,对建筑能源系统的研究趋势进行了展望:需要进一步认识建筑能源、建筑环境营造的需求从而更好地理解建筑能源系统的基本要求,需要建筑与交通、电力等领域进一步融合,需要从单体建筑向区域建筑、城市等多个尺度上以建筑为载体构建城乡新型能源系统.本研究可为建筑能源系统如何实现自身角色转变、加快实现双碳目标下的能源系统变革提供有益参考.

RETHINKING OF THE BUILDING ENERGY SYSTEM TOWARDS THE CARBON NEUTRAL TARGET

The building sector is a key sector to achieve the double carbon target, and under the guidance of the double carbon target, the building energy system needs to make innovation. Therefore, the development tasks of building energy system are discussed in depth in this paper, and the development direction of building energy system facing the dual carbon target is proposed. The traditional building energy system is mainly to meet the basic energy needs of the building itself, such as cold, heat and electricity. Under the dual carbon target, there needs to be a shift from energy efficient buildings to new targets for low-carbon buildings. The building energy system needs to make changes in reducing the energy demand of the building body, fully electrifying the building energy system, improving the energy efficiency level of the building energy system, realizing flexible adjustment and becoming an adjustable load of the energy system with flexible adjustment ability. It needs to shift from being a simple consumer of energy systems to a complex that integrates energy production, consumption, regulation and storage. To build low carbon building energy system as the goal, the trend of research of building energy systems is discussed: the need to further meet the demand of the building energy to make a full understanding of the building energy requirements, e.g. the energy requirements for building thermal environment is a key section for building energy consumption and energy conservation, need further integration architecture and traffic, electricity and other fields, from the monomer building to multiple scales, such as architecture, urban construction as the carrier to build new energy system between urban and rural areas. The current research provides a useful reference for building energy system to realize its own role transformation and accelerate the realization of energy system reform under the dual carbon target.