基于ESGA遗传算法的水射流自驱旋转喷头优化设计

超高压水射流自驱旋转型喷头是目前广泛应用于船壁除锈的一种装置，其布局方式直接影响船壁除锈的效率和质量，目前喷头布局多依赖工程经验，缺少准确的理论分析和优化技术支持。针对水射流自驱旋转型喷头的布局优化问题，在传统遗传算法（genetic algorithm,GA）的基础上，提出一种基于“锦标赛选择”的精英策略遗传算法（elitist strategy genetic algorithm,ESGA），该算法通过采用种群进化过程中精英个体直接保留到下一代的进化策略，从而有效提高算法的全局收敛能力和算法的鲁棒性。结合旋转喷头扫掠冲击性能和轨迹特征，以喷头移动路径垂直打击面上的能量分布均匀度为衡量标准，建立超高压水射流自驱旋转型喷头的螺旋扫掠冲击离散化时间优化模型，并分别利用两种遗传算法对其进行优化改进。对一字形水射流自驱旋转型喷头的布局优化研究发现，经ESGA算法优化的旋转喷头，其扫掠冲击能量分布均匀度较原喷头布局提升了47.2%，其收敛精度也高于GA算法。经对ESGA算法优化后的喷头实验验证发现，ESGA优化方案较原设计方案除锈效率提高了42.0%。改进的ESGA优化算法可行性强，能够在收敛...

Optimum design of self-driven rotary water-jet sprayer based on ESGA genetic algorithm

The self-driven rotary sprayer using ultra-high-pressure water jet is widely used in the rust removal of ship hulls, and its layout directly affects the efficiency and quality of ship derusting. Hitherto, the design of sprayer layout primarily depends on practical engineering experiences, due to the lack of support from accurate optimization techniques and theoretical analysis. In order to solve the layout optimization problem associated with self-driven rotary sprayers using ultra-high-pressure water jet, an improved elitist strategy genetic algorithm (ESGA) based on conventional genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. By designing appropriate evolutionary operations, the ESGA algorithm can skip crossover and mutation operations on the fittest individuals in the population, and then directly copy the fittest individual to the next generation. Thus, the global convergence ability and robustness of the algorithm are improved effectively. By fully combining the sweep impinging performance and trajectory characteristics of rotary sprayer, a sweep impinging discrete-time model for self-driven rotary sprayer using ultra-high-pressure water jet is developed to quantify the evenness of impinging energy distribution on target surface perpendicular to the sprayer movement path. Aiming at enhancing the evenness of impinging energy distribution and improving hydrodynamic performance, the layout of self-driven rotary sprayer is optimized via the GA and ESGA algorithms. It is found that the evenness of the impinging energy distribution related to the self-driven rotary sprayer with a rod-like shape, which is optimized by the ESGA algorithm, is improved by 47.2% compared with that of the original layout scheme. The ESGA algorithm provides faster convergence speed and higher convergence precision, superior to the conventional GA. The experimental test results indicated that the rust-removing efficiency of self-driven rotary sprayer, optimized by the ESGA algorithm, is increased by 42.0% when compared with original layout scheme. It is worth noting that the improved ESGA algorithm optimization approach is feasible, and some sprayer layouts with better hydrodynamic performance can be easily achieved in fewer convergence iterations, providing adequate theoretical basis and application support for the layout optimization.