以TDI和IPDI为单体合成聚氨酯微胶囊及其摩擦学性能

分别以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为单体,通过原位聚合法制备了离子液体@聚脲(PU)微胶囊,并与环氧树脂共混制得环氧树脂复合材料.利用扫描电子显微镜分析了微胶囊及复合材料的表面形貌,通过电子万能试验机和摩擦磨损试验机探究了微胶囊改性复合材料在不同情况下的力学性能和摩擦学性能,用傅里叶变换红外光谱对微胶囊进行表征.分析结果表明,以IPDI为单体合成的微胶囊摩擦学性能更加优异,并且随着微胶囊用量的增加,复合材料的摩擦学性能有明显提高,当微胶囊添加质量分数为20%时,含有微胶囊的复合材料具有较低的滑动摩擦系数并且摩擦面较光滑,这是由于在实验过程中,随着微胶囊壁材的破损,芯材离子液体被释放,形成了一层致密的润滑膜.

Synthesis and Tribological Properties of Polyurethane Microcapsules Based on TDI and IPDI

As a new material category being researched and developed in practical application， self-lubricating materials still have the ability to reduce degradation， provide lubrication effect and prolong the service life of materials after structural damage. In this paper， ionic liquid@polyurethane（PU） microcapsules were prepared by in⁃situ polymerization with toluene diisocynate（TDI） and isophorone diisocyanate（IPDI） as the monomer， respectively， and epoxy resin composites were prepared by blending ionic liquid@PU with epoxy resin. The surface morphology of the composite and microcapsule was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical and tribological properties of the microcapsule modified composite were investigated by electronic universal testing machine and friction and wear testing machine under different conditions. The microcapsules were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the microcapsules with IPDI as the monomer had more excellent tribological performance， and with the increase of dosage of microcapsule， the tribological properties of the composite material increased significantly. When microcapsule adding amount was 20%， the microcapsule- containing composite material had a low friction coefficient of sliding friction and the surface was relatively smooth， This is because in the experimental process， with the damage of the microcapsule wall material， the ionic liquid of the core material is released， forming dense lubrication film.