三亚海洋环境试验站硅藻污损群落初探

【目的】探明海洋工程材料在热带海洋环境试验站硅藻污损群落的组成变化,为研究该海域材料腐蚀、生物污损以及生物多样性提供参考。【方法】取4种材料进行全浸腐蚀试验,定期取出试片冷藏客运到青岛,用次氯酸钠法制成永久封片,在带有微分干涉显微镜下记数,并使用PRIMER 6对硅藻Shannon多样性指数、Pielou’s均匀度指数和Simpson优势度进行计算。【结果】检出污损硅藻16目24科30属61种,其中双眉藻属、菱形藻属和舟形藻属为优势类群;物种多样性指数随时间而增加;热浸锌表面硅藻群落结构变化与其他3种材料有所不同。【结论】在南海热带近岸,材料表面性质对其表面附着的污损硅藻群落有一定影响,其中锌离子的影响较为明显。

A Preliminary Study on Diatom Fouling Community in Sanya Marine Environmental Test Station

Objective] The purpose of this research is to investigate the variation of fouling diatom community on materials of ocean engineering in tropical marine environment,aiming to provide reference for material corrosion,biofouling and biodiversity in this sea area.Methods] Four types of material slides were subjected to a total immersion test.Material slides were refrigerated and transported to Qingdao on a regular basis.The samples were made into permanent seal with sodium hypochlorite.Diatoms were counted by light microscopes (LM) equipped with differential interference contrast (DIC).The Shannon biodiversity index,Pielou''s eveness index and Simpson''s index of dominancy were calculated in PRIMER 6.Results] 61 fouling diatom species belonging to 16 orders 30 genera and 24 families had been identified,among which Amphora,Nitzschia and Navicula were dominant.The Shannon diversity index of diatom increased on the surface of all materials during the experimental period.The structure change of fouling diatom community on the hot-dip zinc surface was different with the other three materials.Conclusion] In tropical coastal water area of South China Sea,the surface properties of materials have influenced the adherent fouling diatom community.What''s more,the influence of the Zinc ion is obvious.