结构气浮的力学特性研究

对结构气浮的静力和动力力学特性以及稳定性问题进行了研究。假设浮筒内的气体为理想气体，建立了气浮力的计算式；引进气浮力折减系数并结合试验，对气浮结构的动力学特性进行了分析；基于静力平衡，得到了非对称多体气浮结构的初稳性高参数的计算式。理论计算值和试验测算值吻合。提出的气浮力折减系数对气浮体的浮态、稳性和动力学特性都有很大的影响；气浮结构的稳性低于同等情况的普通浮体，采用分舱方法可以提高单体气浮筒的浮稳性。

Mechanical Poperties of Air Floating Structures

The static and dynamic properties and stability of air floating structures have been studied. By assuming the air inside the buoy to be perfect, the equations for calculating the air buoyancy are derived. By presenting the air buoyancy decreasing coefficient and referring to tests, the natural period of heaving and some dynamic properties are discussed. Based on the static balance, the formulas to calculate the meta centric height of the unsymmetrical air floating structure with multiple floating buoys are presented. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the data observed from model tests and prototype tests. For the air floating structure, the air buoyancy decreasing coefficient has large influence on the floatation, stability and dynamic properties. The air floating structure is less stable than the conventional float. The stability of an air floating buoy can be enhanced by dividing its aerating space into several cabins.