A 4-hydroxy-N′-[(E)-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide-based sorbent material for the extraction-HPLC determination of biogenic amines in food samples

A sorbent material based on a newly synthesized hydrazone ligand, 4-hydroxy-N′-[(E)-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide was prepared by immobilizing the ligand into a silica sol-gel matrix. The capability of the sorbent material for the extraction of seven biogenic amines (BAs), i.e., tryptamine (TRY), β-phenylethylamine (PEA), putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), histamine (HIS), tyramine (TYR), and spermidine (SPD) was studied. Under the adopted conditions, the sorbent showed good selectivity towards PUT, CAD, HIS and SPD (% extraction (%E) > 96) while %E for TYR, TRY and PEA were 82.0, 78.9 and 46.4%, respectively. The sorbent could be used up to six extraction cycles for SPD, CAD and PUT and was applied to the determination of food samples (“budu”, ketchup, orange juice, soy sauce) that were spiked with 20 mg L⁻¹ of the BAs. The extracted analytes were derivatized with dansyl chloride before the HPLC determination. With the exception of HIS and TYR in “budu” sample, reasonable recoveries were found for the other analytes in all the tested food samples.