Analytical techniques in the study of highly-nitrated nitrocellulose |
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Authors: | Mª Ángeles Fernández de la OssaMaría López-López Mercedes TorreCarmen García-Ruiz |
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Institution: | Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain University Institute of Research in Police Sciences (IUICP), Planta Piloto de Química Fina, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain |
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Abstract: | This work presents an updated overview of the analytical techniques used to study highly-nitrated nitrocellulose, which is used in explosives and is of forensic interest. Most articles published in the past decade were designed:(1) to investigate polymeric parameters of nitrocellulose (e.g., molar mass distribution, viscosity and specific refractive index) by size-exclusion chromatography;(2) to determine the morphological and thermal characteristics of nitrocellulose using thermal and spectroscopic techniques; and,(3) to study the thermal, biological and mechanical degradation of nitrocellulose by thermal, spectroscopic, and mass spectrometric (MS) techniques, alone or coupled to gas chromatography.However, the few papers that focused on the determination of nitrocellulose used in explosives employed analytical techniques e.g., vibrational techniques (infrared and Raman spectroscopy), MS and ion-mobility spectrometry (IMS) and liquid chromatography (LC) (high-performance LC and ion chromatography)]. Most of the information reported by these techniques has been qualitative. Only quantitative determination of nitrocellulose or its nitrogen content has been performed by measuring the nitrite and/or nitrate ions released from its basic hydrolysis. |
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Keywords: | Analytical technique Explosive Forensics Gunpowder Ion-mobility spectrometry Liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Nitrocellulose Nitrogen content Vibrational spectroscopy |
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