Trace-level analysis of organic contaminants in drinking waters and groundwaters |
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Authors: | M.J. CapdevilleH. Budzinski |
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Affiliation: | ISM-LPTC, UMR 5255, CNRS-Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33 405 Talence cedex, France |
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Abstract: | We expect drinking water and groundwater samples to be contaminated very little, so they are subject to trace-level analysis. Due to the very low levels of contamination, this sort of analysis requires not only powerful analytical technologies to reach limits around the ng/L level, but also quality-control parameters (e.g., blank and spike samples) to monitor potential contamination or losses during sample treatment. Based on a literature review and laboratory experience, we discuss the problems linked to the difficulties of calculating limits of detection, distinguishing instrumental from methodological limits and preventing false-positive results in cases of sample contamination, or false-negative results in cases of compound losses. When possible, we suggest solutions to compensate for, or to prevent, these problems. |
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Keywords: | Blank sample Compound loss Contamination Drinking water False negative False positive Groundwater Limit of detection Spike sample Trace-level analysis |
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