高速电梯气动特性研究与风口设计

高速电梯运行时，井道内气压的快速变化会对轿厢运行的稳定性及安全性产生极大影响．为解决上述问题，提出了三种在井道壁面上开风口的设计方案，运用计算流体力学分析软件FLUENT对电梯运行过程中的空气流动状态进行数值仿真，同时改变风口形状以及数量，对井道内风速变化、轿厢所受气动阻力及气动力矩进行分析．分析结果表明，在提出的三种开风口方案中，上下圆形风口为最优，与未开风口时相比，轿厢气动阻力减小22.05 %，侧翻力矩减小29.87 %，俯仰力矩减小18.02 %．最后进行试验验证，表明了开风口方案的有效性，研究结果可为井道风口的设计提供理论依据．

Study on Aerodynamic Characteristics of High-Speed Elevator and Design of Air Vents

When the high speed elevator goes up and down, the rapid change of air pressure in the hoistway will have a great influence on the stability and safety of the car. In order to solve the above problems, three design schemes of vents on the hoistway wall are proposed. The air flow state during the operation of the elevator were simulated by FLUENT software. At the same time, the shape and number of the vents are changed, and the wind speed variation in the hoistway, the aerodynamic drag and the aerodynamic torque of the car are analyzed. The analysis results show that the scheme with upper and lower round vents is the best among the three proposed schemes. Compared with the results without air vents, the aerodynamic drag of the car is reduced by 22.05 %, the rollover torque decreases by 29.87 %, and the pitching torque decreases by 18.02 %. Finally, the experimental validation is carried out, and the effectiveness of the vent scheme is verified. The research results can provide a theoretical guide for the design of the hoistway vents.