聚氯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯接枝共聚物的结构表征

以通用聚氯乙烯(PVC)和脱氯化氢PVC树脂为基体,采用悬浮溶胀接枝共聚法合成聚氯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯接枝共聚物,对脱氯化氢PVC和接枝共聚物的结构进行了表征.结果表明,以碱液为介质加热PVC能脱除少量氯化氢,得到以链节数为2,3,4的共轭双键为主的不饱和结构,而树脂的分子量变化不大;在相同接枝反应条件下,采用脱氯化氢PVC与丙烯酸丁酯接枝共聚可以提高接枝率和接枝效率;PVC接枝共聚物的特性粘度随接枝率增加而增加,其重均分子量和分子量分布指数均大于接枝所用的PVC树脂.

Structure Characterization of Poly(vinyl chloride)-g-butyl Acrylate Copolymer

Poly(vinyl chloride)-g-butyl acrylate(PVC-g-BA) copolymers were synthesized by suspension-swelling graft copolymerization by using commercial and dehydrochlorinated PVC. The structure of dehydrochlorinated PVC and PVC-g-BA copolymers were characterized. PVC was slightly dehydrochlorinated and conjugated double bonds were formed as PVC was heated in alkali solution, and the molecular weight of PVC was slightly decreased. By using dehydrochlorinated PVC in the graft copolymerization, the grafting degree and grafting efficiency of BA were increased. The intrinsic viscosity, weight average molecular weight and index of molecular weight distribution of PVC-g-BA copolymer increased with increasing grafting degree.