Structure of iron phosphate glasses modified by alkali and alkaline earth additions: neutron and x-ray diffraction studies

The structure of iron phosphate glasses modified by additions of K(2)O and BaO, with nominal molar compositions [(1 - x)(0.6P(2)O(5)-0.4Fe(2)O(3))]xMe(y)O, where x = 0-0.4 in increments of 0.1; Me=K or Ba; and y = 1 or 2, has been investigated using neutron diffraction and x-ray diffraction techniques. Fitted coordination numbers for P-O and Fe-O showed a notable change in the P-O(NBO) and P-O(BO) contributions at greater than 20 mol% modifier addition, with barium producing a markedly larger increase in P-O(NBO) contribution than potassium. Fitting of T(N)(r) and T(X)(r) provided average n(BaO) = 9 and n(KO) = 6. Iron occurs in a range of coordination sites in these glasses: ([6])Fe(2+), ([4])Fe(3+), ([5])Fe(3+) and ([6])Fe(3+). The partitioning between these sites gives average n(FeO) = 5.2-5.8, with barium-doped glasses exhibiting higher average n(FeO) than potassium-doped glasses. The stronger depolymerizing effect of Ba(2+) than K(+) on the phosphate network, coupled with its greater ionic charge and higher Me-O, Fe-O and O···O coordination numbers, explain previously observed divergences in physical properties between the barium-doped and the potassium-doped glasses.