Entangled states and collective nonclassical effects in two-atom systems |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, QLD, Australia;2. Nonlinear Optics Division, Institute of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;1. Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, Xian 710069, PR China;2. Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, PR China;1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Polarization and Information Technology, Department of Physics, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China;2. Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100190, China;1. School of Mathematics and Physics, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215011, People’s Republic of China;2. Pacific Institute of Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agriculture Rd., Vancouver B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1;1. Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China;3. School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;4. Department of Physics, and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China;5. Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100094, China;6. Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan;7. CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;8. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, China |
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| Abstract: | We propose a review of recent developments on entanglement and nonclassical effects in collective two-atom systems and present a uniform physical picture of the many predicted phenomena. The collective effects have brought into sharp focus some of the most basic features of quantum theory, such as nonclassical states of light and entangled states of multiatom systems. The entangled states are linear superpositions of the internal states of the system which cannot be separated into product states of the individual atoms. This property is recognized as entirely quantum-mechanical effect and have played a crucial role in many discussions of the nature of quantum measurements and, in particular, in the developments of quantum communications. Much of the fundamental interest in entangled states is connected with its practical application ranging from quantum computation, information processing, cryptography, and interferometry to atomic spectroscopy. |
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