Development of a Novel Closed Loop UHV‐Apparatus for Coulometric Titrations of Oxygen by Means of λ‐Probes in Three‐Electrode‐Arrangement

A novel apparatus is described that does not only allow a very wide range of oxygen concentrations to be tuned in and gauged but also facilitates a direct observation of ongoing reactions within. It is principally built up of tubular lambda‐probes made of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and resembles a closed loop installation, enabling a total control of the inside atmosphere. Long term reactions inside the installation may be observed optically. First results of observed reactions are shown.