Affiliation: | 1. LEPMI, UMR 5279, CNRS – Grenoble INP – Université de Savoie – Université J. Fourier, LMOPS – Bât. IUT, Université de Savoie, Campus de Savoie Technolac, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac Cedex, France;2. Université de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France Université de Saint-Etienne, Jean Monnet, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France |
Abstract: | To develop n-type processable polymeric materials for photovoltaic applications, a series of polymers was synthesized by grafting fullerene C60 onto polystyrene (PS). Grafted polymers were studied and compared with PS:fullerene blends. Electronical and electrical properties were first measured to define the minimal amount of C60 required for solar cells application. Then, thermal properties and rheological behavior of grafted polymers were analyzed to determine whether they could be processed from the melt. A throughout experimental study revealed that C60-grafted polymers exhibit two thresholds. The first threshold at 3–4 vol % (detected by electrical conductivity, electron mobility, and melt viscosity measurements) is associated to the percolation of C60 molecules. The second threshold (evidenced by glass transition and melt viscosity measurements and confirmed by optical and atomic force micrograph observations) at about 12–13 vol % is assumed to be related to the formation of C60 aggregates. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2013 |