Optical and magneto-optical effects in semi-conductor crystals |
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| Authors: | E F Gross |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute of Technical Physics, Academy of Sciences, Leningrad, USSR |
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| Abstract: | The complicated line structure of the fundamental absorption edge and the effect of magneto-optical oscillations (which are general properties of crystals) open up good possibilities for the study of band structure and exciton states.From a survey of the facts observed lately it follows that the real existence of the exciton is almost certain although no experiment has yet been performed, which would provide direct experimental proof of its motion in the crystal. The evidence of the motion of excitons in the crystal can be determined from effects based on spatial dispersion effects. The observed optical anisotropy of absorption in a Cu2O cubic crystal (due to spatial dispersion) and the quadrupole character of the exciton linen=1 confirm the motion of exciton through the crystal.The fine structure of the spectral curve for photoconductivity (an effect that is also common to all crystals), which is directly connected with the exciton absorption structure, also testifies to the motion of excitons.The exciton structure of the absorption edge and also the connected effect of  edge emission enable the band structure and its splitting to be studied.The determination of the splitting of the exciton lines and edge of continuous absorption under the influence of oriented elastic deformation and the study of the state of polarization of the split components provides a new method for the study of band structure.The study of the Zeeman effect for lines of exciton, absorption in crystals can supply data on the exciton motion and on the complicated band structure in crystals. Special detailed data on the band structure can be obtained from studies in polarized light. From the effect of magneto-optical oscillations we can decide with great exactness the band width of the forbidden zone and obtain data which are in good agreement with those obtained by other methods.
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Address delivered at International Conference on Semi-conductor Physics, Prague, Czechoslovakia, September 1960. |
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