锐钛矿型纳米氧化钛及其复合材料的低温制备技术

探索低温合成高催化活性纳米TiO2及其复合材料的有效方法，突破传统的高温煅烧法制备锐钛矿相纳米TiO2光催化剂带来的局限，已成为该领域研究的热点问题。本文综述了近年来低温合成锐钛矿型纳米TiO2光催化剂的研究进展，讨论了目前所报道的各种方法（胶溶－相转移法、衍生溶胶－凝胶法、水热法、超声水解法、微波照射法、微乳液法和低温直接氧化法）的原理、操作步骤、反应进程以及优缺点。针对纳米TiO2晶体用作光催化剂时固有的缺陷，即量子效率低且无法利用可见光，进一步评述了离子掺杂、贵金属沉积以及半导体复合等纳米TiO2复合材料的低温制备技术，展望了该领域今后的发展方向和研究重点。

Preparation of Nanosized Anatase TiO2 and its Composites at Low Temperature

To break through the limitation of traditional methods that utilize high-temperature calcination to prepare nanosized anatase TiO_2 photocatalyst,and thus find effective ways for low-temperature synthesis of nanosized TiO_2 with high catalytic activity,has been one of the most active aspects in the photocatalysis field.The recent progress in low-temperature synthesis of nanosized anatase TiO_2 photocatalyst is reviewed in this article.The principles,reactions,synthesizing procedures as well as the advantages and disadvantages of all reported methods(peptization-phase transfer,derived sol-gel,hydrothermal process,hydrolysis via ultrasonic irradiation,microwave radiation heating,microemulsion and direct low-temperature oxidation) are presented and discussed.Further,to overcome the intrinsic shortcomings of pure nanosized TiO_2 as photocatalyst,i.e.,the rather low quantum efficiency and the incapability of utilizing visible light,this review is also extended to the technologies of preparing TiO_2 composites such as ion doping,rare metal deposi-tion and composite semiconductors.Finally the developing trends and the potential focus of future research in this field are prospected.