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On the chromaticity of complete multipartite graphs with certain edges added
Authors:GC Lau  YH Peng
Institution:a Faculty of I. T. and Quantitative Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA (Segamat Campus), 85010, Johor, Malaysia
b Department of Mathematics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
c Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
Abstract:Let P(G,λ) be the chromatic polynomial of a graph G. A graph G is chromatically unique if for any graph H, P(H,λ)=P(G,λ) implies H is isomorphic to G. For integers k≥0, t≥2, denote by K((t−1)×p,p+k) the complete t-partite graph that has t−1 partite sets of size p and one partite set of size p+k. Let K(s,t,p,k) be the set of graphs obtained from K((t−1)×p,p+k) by adding a set S of s edges to the partite set of size p+k such that 〈S〉 is bipartite. If s=1, denote the only graph in K(s,t,p,k) by K+((t−1)×p,p+k). In this paper, we shall prove that for k=0,1 and p+ks+2, each graph GK(s,t,p,k) is chromatically unique if and only if 〈S〉 is a chromatically unique graph that has no cut-vertex. As a direct consequence, the graph K+((t−1)×p,p+k) is chromatically unique for k=0,1 and p+k≥3.
Keywords:Multipartite graph  Chromatic polynomial  Chromatic equivalence and uniqueness
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