Crystal growth and structural properties of the spinel-type Li1 + xMn2 − xO4 (x = 0.10, 0.14) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;2. Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;3. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;1. College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000,China;2. The Collaborative Innovation Center of Manganese-Zinc-Vanadium Industrial Technology (the 2011 Plan of Hunan Province), Jishou, Hunan 416000, China;3. Key Laboratory of Mineral Cleaner Production and Exploit of Green Functional Materials in Hunan Province, Jishou University, 416000, China |
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| Abstract: | Single crystals of the lithium-rich lithium manganese oxide spinels Li1 + xMn2 − xO4 with x = 0.10 and 0.14 have been successfully synthesized in high-temperature molten chlorides at 1023 K. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction study confirmed the cubic Fd3¯m space group and the lattice parameters of a = 8.2401(9) Å for x = 0.10 and a = 8.2273(10) Å for x = 0.14 at 300 K, respectively. The crystal structures have been refined to the conventional values R = 3.7% for x = 0.10 and R = 3.1% for x = 0.14, respectively. Low-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments revealed that these single crystal samples showed no phase transition between 100 and 300 K. The electron-density distribution images in these compounds by the single-crystal MEM analysis clearly showed strong covalent bonding features between the Mn and O atoms due to the Mn–3d and O–2p interaction. |
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