Synthesis and structural characterization of perovskite type proton conducting BaZr1?xInxO3?δ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.75) |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Gothenburg University, Kemivägen 10, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Department of Environmental Inorganic Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden;3. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden;4. Department of Materials Chemistry, Uppsala University, SE-751 21, Sweden;5. Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden;1. Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan;2. Department of Physics, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh;1. State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, China;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6458, Australia;1. INAMORI Frontier Research Center, Enviromental Technology Research Division, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;2. International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;3. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;4. Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;5. Next-Generation Fuel Cell Research Center, Kyushu University (Next-FC), 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;1. Fuel Chemistry Division Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, HBNI, Kalpakkam 603102, India;2. Materials Chemistry Division, Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, HBNI, Kalpakkam 603102, India;1. Department of Physics, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, 431004, India;2. Department of Physics, Abasaheb Garware College, Pune, Maharashtra, India |
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| Abstract: | Solid state sintering has been used to prepare the cubic perovskite structured compounds BaZr1?xInxO3?δ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.75). Analysis of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) data reveals that the unit cell parameter, a, increases linearly with an increased Indium concentration. XRPD data was also used to demonstrate the completion of sample hydration, which was reached when the materials showed a set of single-phase Bragg-peaks. Dynamic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data showed that approx. 89% of the total number of available oxygen vacancies can be filled in BaZr1?xInxO3?δ for x = 0.50, and that the maximum water uptake occurs below 300 °C. Rietveld analysis of the room temperature neutron powder diffraction (NPD) data confirmed the average cubic symmetry (space group Pm-3m), and an expansion of the unit cell parameter after the hydration reaction. The strong O–H stretch band, 2500–3500 cm? 1, in the infrared absorbance spectrum clearly manifests the presence of protons in the hydrated material. Proton conductivity of hydrated BaZr1?xInxO3?δ, x = 0.75 was investigated during heating and cooling cycles under dry argon atmosphere. The total conductivity during the heating cycle was nearly two orders of magnitude greater than that of cooling cycle at 300 °C, whilst these values were similar at higher temperatures i.e. T > 600 °C. |
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